A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Controller.php

Line Number: 83

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$template is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1284

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Fungsi::$_client is deprecated

Filename: libraries/Fungsi.php

Line Number: 19

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Fungsi.php
Line: 19
Function: _error_handler

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$fungsi is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1284

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Settings::$_client is deprecated

Filename: libraries/Settings.php

Line Number: 16

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Settings.php
Line: 16
Function: _error_handler

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$settings is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1284

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$agent is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 1284

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 10
Function: __construct

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News_m::$_client is deprecated

Filename: models/News_m.php

Line Number: 22

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/models/News_m.php
Line: 22
Function: _error_handler

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 11
Function: model

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$news_m is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 359

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 11
Function: model

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: http_build_query(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($numeric_prefix) of type string is deprecated

Filename: src/Client.php

Line Number: 412

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 412
Function: http_build_query

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 318
Function: applyOptions

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 162
Function: transfer

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 181
Function: requestAsync

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Settings.php
Line: 24
Function: request

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 12
Function: dataDaerah

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property News::$data is deprecated

Filename: controllers/News.php

Line Number: 12

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 12
Function: _error_handler

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: http_build_query(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($numeric_prefix) of type string is deprecated

Filename: src/Client.php

Line Number: 412

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 412
Function: http_build_query

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 318
Function: applyOptions

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 162
Function: transfer

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 181
Function: requestAsync

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/models/News_m.php
Line: 126
Function: request

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 84
Function: getDetail

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: http_build_query(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($numeric_prefix) of type string is deprecated

Filename: src/Client.php

Line Number: 412

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 412
Function: http_build_query

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 318
Function: applyOptions

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 162
Function: transfer

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 181
Function: requestAsync

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/models/News_m.php
Line: 73
Function: request

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 85
Function: getHeadline

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: http_build_query(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($numeric_prefix) of type string is deprecated

Filename: src/Client.php

Line Number: 412

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 412
Function: http_build_query

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 318
Function: applyOptions

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 162
Function: transfer

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 181
Function: requestAsync

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/models/News_m.php
Line: 46
Function: request

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 86
Function: getFokus

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: http_build_query(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($numeric_prefix) of type string is deprecated

Filename: src/Client.php

Line Number: 412

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 412
Function: http_build_query

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 318
Function: applyOptions

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 162
Function: transfer

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 181
Function: requestAsync

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/models/News_m.php
Line: 99
Function: request

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 87
Function: getSameCategory

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: http_build_query(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($numeric_prefix) of type string is deprecated

Filename: src/Client.php

Line Number: 412

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 412
Function: http_build_query

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 318
Function: applyOptions

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 162
Function: transfer

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 181
Function: requestAsync

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/models/News_m.php
Line: 113
Function: request

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 88
Function: getCategoryData

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: http_build_query(): Passing null to parameter #2 ($numeric_prefix) of type string is deprecated

Filename: src/Client.php

Line Number: 412

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 412
Function: http_build_query

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 318
Function: applyOptions

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 162
Function: transfer

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/vendor/guzzlehttp/guzzle/src/Client.php
Line: 181
Function: requestAsync

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Fungsi.php
Line: 91
Function: request

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 89
Function: getProfile

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property Template::$CI is deprecated

Filename: libraries/Template.php

Line Number: 17

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 17
Function: _error_handler

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$load is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$benchmark is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$hooks is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$config is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$log is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$utf8 is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$uri is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$exceptions is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$router is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$output is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$security is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$input is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$lang is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/controllers/News.php
Line: 90
Function: load

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/index.php
Line: 315
Function: require_once

A PHP Error was encountered

Severity: 8192

Message: Creation of dynamic property CI_Loader::$template is deprecated

Filename: core/Loader.php

Line Number: 932

Backtrace:

File: /www/wwwroot/daerah3.jatimtimes.my.id/application/libraries/Template.php
Line: 18
Function: view

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Mengatur Warna dan Daya Laser dari Tingkat Atom, Gubes FSTeM Kembangkan Material Kuantum untuk Teknologi Masa Depan

Penulis : Anggara Sudiongko - Editor : Dede Nana

19 - Jun - 2026, 18:34

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Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Abdurrouf, S.Si., M.S., Guru Besar FSTeM UB (Anggara Sudiongko/JatimTIMES)

JATIMTIMES - Perkembangan teknologi laser yang kini hadir dalam berbagai perangkat, mulai dari laser pointer hingga sistem pemotongan logam industri, ternyata bertumpu pada pengaturan energi di tingkat atom dalam material. Riset untuk memahami dan mengendalikan fenomena ini tengah dikembangkan oleh Prof. Dr. rer. nat. Abdurrouf, S.Si., M.S., Guru Besar Fakultas Sains, Teknologi, dan Matematika (FSTeM) Universitas Brawijaya (UB) melalui pendekatan material kuantum dan komputasi fisika.

Prof Abdurrouf menjelaskan bahwa salah satu fokus utama penelitian di laboratorium adalah merancang metode untuk memecahkan persamaan kompleks dalam material kuantum agar dapat menghasilkan panduan rekayasa material dengan sifat yang diinginkan.

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"Saya coba lakukan dengan teman-teman mahasiswa dan teman-teman peneliti yang lain di lab itu adalah membuat sebuah cara supaya persamaan yang seperti itu bisa lebih mudah dipecahkan. Saat ini salah satu kerja di laboratorium adalah pengembangan metode untuk material kuantum," ujarnya.

Menurutnya, konsep laser yang umum dikenal masyarakat, merah, hijau, hingga biru, sesungguhnya berkaitan langsung dengan perbedaan energi cahaya yang dipancarkan. Semakin pendek panjang gelombang, semakin besar energinya.

"Yang warnanya mengarah ke biru itu energinya semakin besar," katanya.

Ia menjelaskan bahwa sumber utama perbedaan tersebut berada pada celah energi atau band gap dalam material. Elektron hanya dapat berpindah pada tingkat energi tertentu, dan jarak antar tingkat inilah yang menentukan warna cahaya yang dihasilkan.

"Itulah yang menentukan warna lasernya. Semakin lebar celah energinya, warnanya akan semakin mengarah ke biru," jelasnya.

Dalam risetnya, tim mencoba mengatur celah energi tersebut melalui berbagai pendekatan seperti medan listrik, medan magnet, hingga rekayasa komposisi material. Tujuannya adalah menciptakan material yang dapat menghasilkan karakteristik laser sesuai kebutuhan industri.

"Nah, kami mencoba beberapa cara, misalnya diberi medan listrik, medan magnet, atau campuran tertentu," ungkapnya.

Kajian material seperti grafit berbasis karbon menunjukkan tidak adanya celah energi yang terbentuk, sehingga kurang efektif untuk aplikasi optik. Hal serupa juga terjadi pada material berbasis silikon murni. Namun ketika karbon dan silikon disusun secara bergantian membentuk silikon karbonit, muncul celah energi yang memungkinkan emisi cahaya.

Ketika elektron menyerap energi, naik ke tingkat lebih tinggi, lalu kembali ke keadaan semula, ia memancarkan cahaya. Proses inilah yang menjadi dasar kerja laser.

"Nah, ketika turun itulah dia akan memancarkan cahaya yang kita kenal. Kalau digunakan sebagai laser, warna laser bergantung pada seberapa lebar celah energinya," terang Prof Abdurrouf.

Lebih jauh, Prof Abdurrouf juga menyoroti pemahaman publik terkait laser, terutama laser hijau yang sering dijual di jalanan. Menurutnya, perlu ada edukasi agar masyarakat tidak salah memahami tingkat bahaya hanya berdasarkan warna.

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Ia menjelaskan bahwa laser hijau atau biru memang secara teori memiliki energi lebih tinggi dibandingkan merah. Namun, banyak perangkat laser yang beredar di masyarakat sebenarnya hanya laser berdaya rendah yang dimodifikasi tampilannya menggunakan filter warna, bukan peningkatan energi nyata.

“Sebagian besar laser yang dijual bebas di jalanan umumnya merupakan laser mainan dengan level energi rendah setara laser merah yang hanya dimodifikasi tampilannya menggunakan filter atau plastik hijau agar terlihat lebih menarik,” jelasnya.

Ia menambahkan bahwa sifat penting dari laser bukan hanya warna, tetapi juga koherensi, yaitu kemampuan cahaya untuk tetap terfokus dalam satu arah tanpa menyebar seperti cahaya biasa. Inilah yang membuat laser terlihat seperti garis lurus yang tajam dan dapat menjangkau jarak jauh.

“Laser itu sifatnya koheren, jadi tidak menyebar, melainkan tetap terarah seperti garis lurus,” ujarnya.

Terkait risiko biologis, ia menegaskan bahwa bahaya laser tidak ditentukan semata oleh warna, melainkan oleh ambang energi yang dimiliki. Efek seperti iritasi atau kerusakan jaringan hanya terjadi jika energi laser jauh melebihi energi ikatan pada jaringan biologis manusia.

“Bahaya nyata dari laser sangat bergantung pada ambang energinya. Efek merusak hanya terjadi jika energinya jauh di atas energi ikatan elektron pada jaringan tubuh,” jelasnya.

Selain riset laser, pengembangan material kuantum ini juga diarahkan pada aplikasi energi bersih, termasuk model baterai litium berbasis kuantum. Meski masih berada pada tahap komputasi, hasil awal menunjukkan potensi efisiensi tinggi dalam penyimpanan dan penggunaan energi.

Penelitian tersebut saat ini tengah disiapkan untuk publikasi di jurnal fisika internasional bereputasi, sebagai bagian dari upaya memperkuat fondasi teknologi berbasis rekayasa material tingkat atom.


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Pendidikan teknologi laser inovasi fstem ub ub gubes ub



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Mengatur Warna dan Daya Laser dari Tingkat Atom, Gubes FSTeM Kembangkan Material Kuantum untuk Teknologi Masa Depan - Mojokerto Times
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